In I millenium BC the Savsky kingdom has subordinated to itself the territories which have become subsequently by the Ethiopian empire. By the end of II century the kingdom Aksum which the dynasty Solomonidov, considering descendants of tsar Solomona and the tsarina Savsky corrected has been d.C. grounded. In VII century the kingdom has started to weaken and in X century the power was taken by a Muslim dynasty of Zagve. In XIII century Christian (êîïòñêàÿ) the dynasty has returned on a throne. In XVI—XVII centuries the Ethiopian emperors often accessed behind the help to the European powers in struggle against Muslim conquerors. With opening of Suez canal in 1869 the coast of Red sea began to involve Europeans. Italy has concentrated to Ethiopia attention, having captured in 1872 port Assab, and in 1885 — Massaua. In 1889 the agreement between Italy and Ethiopia has been signed, however the Italian version differed from àìõàðñêîé and agrees to it Ethiopia became protectorate of Italy. Â1895 war between Italy and Ethiopia, however less has flashed than a year later the Italian army has suffered shattering defeat, and Italy has been forced to recognise independence of Ethiopia. But in 40 years, in Benito Mussolini’s board, Italy occupied Ethiopia. In 1941 by means of the British armies the country has been released. In the early seventies Ethiopia has endured a series of droughts. On September, 12th, 1974 the military coup d’etat has been made. In March, 1975 the country has been proclaimed by republic. In 1977 there was an internal revolution in which result to the power lieutenant colonel Mengistu Hajle Mariam has come. In September, 1984 the country began to be named Socialist Ethiopia, in 1987 — People’s democratic Republic Ethiopia. In the early nineties the help rendered by Soviet Union to a mode was sharply reduced that finally has led to its falling. In May, 1991 Mengistu ran in Zimbabwe, in the country the provisional government has been created. In May, 1993 from Ethiopia Eritrea, waging war for independence has separated more than 30 years.