Bosnia last of areas of southern Slavs has created the own state and last has been paid in Christianity. The geographical position of Bosnia isolated its central part from effect of cultures of neighbouring countries — Byzantium from the south, culture of Germany and Sacred Roman empire from the north, Italy from the West. Initial Bosnia, area of headwaters of the river Bosna, was in vassal submission for Rashki (Serbia), but after 960 AD became homing territory. In 1018 Byzantium has installed the nominal power over Bosnia. In the beginning 12 century Hungary occupied a part of Bosnia, including a valley of the river the Frame. The Hungarian king has received a title «Ramae rex» (the king of the Frame, i.e. Bosnia) and has assigned bans (deputies of the king) for handle of a province. After the control period from outside Byzantium áàí Kulin Bosnian (rules in 1180–1204) recognised again the power of Hungary. Nevertheless he behaved as the independent governor, having given trading privileges to merchants from Dubrovnik, encouraged resettlement of handicraftsmen, miners and wizards from coastal cities of Croatia and extraction of silver and iron ore. In 1203 papal legate has obliged Kulina and elders of the monastic communities which were named simply êðñòÿíè (Christians), to refuse heresy and to recognise domination of Catholic church. It meant that the heresy already existed in Bosnia. After death of Kulina Hungary has undertaken a number of crusades against «the Bosnian heretics» and in 1250 has forced áàíîâ to obey to it again. Within one century áàíû have been linked to Hungary and Catholic church. Economic heyday has strengthened political ambitions Bosnian bans and aristocrats. Kotromanich (rules 1353–1391) has started the board as áàí and the vassal of Hungary, but in 1377 crowned itself the king. In 13–14 centuries bans and kings of Bosnia have expanded territory which became the last big medieval kingdom of southern Slavs. Their expansion has led to increase in the population of the country, mainly at the expense of Croats, and after acquisition of Herzegovina (Hum or the Humsky earth) the country has received an output to Adriatic Sea. After death the state Tvrtko has fallen into decay. Hungary has captured again the central and northern parts of Dalmatia which Tvrtko has gained in 1390. Besides, in 15 century the Bosnian kings have lost the power over feudal lords.Hum, in particular, it was controlled by representatives of local dynasties, such, as Sandal Hranich and its nephew Stepan Vukchich. Last in 1449 has selected to itself a title «herzeg » (duke) and after that medieval Hum began to be named as Herzegovina.