By archaeological researches it is established that apprx. 7000 years BC in territory of Japan the most ancient lived íåîëèòè÷åñêèå tribes (so-called culture ïðîòîäç¸ìîí). It is obvious that during more later time for formation of physical type and formation of culture of local population considerable influence was rendered by the people of Northeast Asia. Pertinently to speak also about presence of the influence which were starting with Southern China or South East Asia. The earliest Japanese culture is called äç¸ìîí (VI-I millenia BC). For it finds of pottery with «a rope pattern» are characteristic. Primitive tribes of this time were engaged in hunting, collecting, fishery and gathering of edible molluscs in a coastal strip. They lived in dugouts and manually, without potter’s wheel use, produced clay products. Approximately in 3 century BC äç¸ìîí it began to be superseded in the west of Japan by culture ÿ¸é for which the pottery made on a potter’s wheel is characteristic. Culture tribes ÿ¸é were engaged ðèñîñåÿíèåì and cattle cultivation — cows, pigs, horses. From China and Korea bronze instruments of labour and the weapon have been borrowed. In 1 century AD bronze was widely used for manufacture of such products which had ceremonial purpose, as mirrors and bells. The culture äç¸ìîí dominated in the north and the east of Japan through many centuries. In the central and western regions of the country since the middle 3 century AD to culture ÿ¸é the culture named on presence of huge barrows in which governors and the nobility have been buried was added êóðãàííàÿ. On a pottery (õàíèâà) and to other finds in burial places and near to them it is possible to draw a conclusion on a way of life of people of that epoch. The ruling class consisted of soldiers-horsemen who used the iron weapon. Possibly, this culture had similarity to modern it the Korean culture.